Microsoft Excel

Microsoft excel

Definition:

“This office tool is used for accounting calculation and also different daily usage software”.

Examples:
Bill, inventory, salary sheet, etc.

File extension: .xls

Note: combination of rows and columns.

Interface of MS Excel:

1). Title bar

2). Menu bar
3). Standard tool bar
4). Formatting bar
5). Formula bar

In this bar when user applies a formula, formula automatically appears in this bar, user can edit formula with the help of this bar.

Parts of formula bar:
Formula pane
Cell address box
No of columns in cover sheet (256)
No of rows in one sheet (25536)

Working area of MS Excel is known as work sheet.

Note:
By default 3 work sheets are visible when Excel is open.

To open MS Excel:

• L.C on start menu
• L.C on all programs
• L.C on MS OFFICE
• L.C on MS EXCEL

OR

Windows + R press keys
Type excel
Press enter

Note:
File menu, edit menu, view menu, and insert menu, are similar to MS Word.

Excel formulas:

Sum

(1) =cell + cell+……..
(2) Sum (range of cells)

Subtract

= cell – cell

Multiplication

= cell * cell

Divide

=cell / cell

Note:

In excel every formula starts from “= “ sign.
In cell numeric data have right alignment
Text has alignment

Percentage:
Total obtained marks *100 /total marks

Average:
Average (range of subjects)

If condition:

To bound some cells

OR

To apple some restriction
=if (cell address > = 33, “pass”, “fail”)

If user wants to display data in alphabetic data then user must type data in double commas “

Grade scale:

        Condition              True value

• = 90 ……………….A++
• = 80…………………A+
• = 70…………………A
• = 60…………………B
• = 50…………………C
• = 40……………….D
•  = 33………………..E
• F…………..false value

Nested if condition
To repeat if condition, in nested if condition repeat on seven times.

 =if (per > = 90, “A++”, if (per > = 80, “A+”, if (per > = 70, “A”, if (per > = 60,”B”, if (per > = 50, “C”, if (per > = 40, “D”, if (per > = 33, “E”, “F”)

Remarks scale:

Condition
= A++…………………….outstanding
= A+………………………excellent
=A………………………..V. Good
= B………………………. Good
= C…………………………fair
= D………………………….Normal
= E………………………… Poor
Fail………………………..false value

= if (grade > = “A++”, “outstanding”, if (grade > = “A+”, ”Excellent”, if (grade > = “A”, “V good”, if ( grade > = “B”, “good”, if (grade > = “C”, “fair”, if (grade > = “D”, “normal”, if (grade > = “E”, “poor”, “fail”.)))))))

If and condition:

In this condition we bond cell two times or apply condition two times.
= if (and (per% cell address > = 33, cell address < =100),”pass”, “fail”)

Grade scale with nested If And:

Condition true value>90, < =100……………………………….A++

>80, < =90…………………………………A+
>70, < =80………………………..A
>60, < =70……………………….B
>50, < =60………………………C
>40, < =50………………………D
>33, < =40………………………E
False value……………………F

=if (and (per >90, per < =1 00), “A++”, if (and (per > 80, per < = 90), “A+”, if (and (per > 70, per < = 80), “A”, if (and (per > 60, per < = 70), “B”, if (and (per > 50, per < = 60), “C”, if (and (per > 40, per < = 50), “D”, if (and (per > 33, per < = 40), “E”, “F”,)))))))

If condition is logical. If and condition is technical.

Filtration functions:

Count:
To count numeric cells
= count (cell range)

Count A:
To count those cells having alphabetic and also numeric value.
= counta (cell range)

Count Blank:
To count blanks cells in database
= count blank (cell range)

Count if:
To count something with single criteria
= count if (cell range, criteria)

Sum if:
To take sum of numeric value with the help of criteria
=sumif (cell range, criteria, sum range)

Is blank:
To check cell if blank or not.

If cell is blank then answer is true otherwise false.

= is blank (cell)

Is test:
To check value in cell is alphabetic.
If cell contain alphabetic blank then answer will be true otherwise false.
= istext (cell)

Is number:
To check value of cell is numeric. If cell contain numeric value then answer will be true otherwise false.
= is number (cell)

Database functions:

Dcount:
To count something with different criteria
= dcount (database, field, criteria)

S sum:
To take sum of something or any person numeric value with different criteria.
=d sum (database, field, criteria)

D mine:
To check minimum value with the help of criteria.
= d min (database, field, criteria)

Tools protection:

1. Sheet protection

2. Book protection
3. File protection

Perform sheet protection
1. Pointer required sheet wants to protect

2. Tools menu
3. Protection
4. Sheet protection “L.C”
5. Type required password
6. Retype required password
7. Ok / save / tray to change

UN Protection:

1. Pointer required sheet wants to un protect

2. Tools menu
3. Protection
4. Un protect sheet “L.C”
5. Type required password
6. Ok / save / change required data

Perform selective UN Protection:

1. Select required data range wants to un protect

2. Ctrl + 1 “open format cell box”
3. L.C on lock tab
4. Locked “un check”
5. Ok
6. Repeat sheet protection steps

Selective protection:

1. Select all required sheet

2. Ctrl + 1 “format cell”
3. Protection tab “ L.C”
4. Locked “un check”
5. Ok
6. Select required range wants to protect
7. Ctrl + 1 “open format cell”
8. Protection tab “L.C”
9. Locked “check”
10. Repeat sheet protection steps

Book protection:
1. Pointer required book wants to protect
2. Tools menu
3. Protection
4. Book protection “L.C”
5. Type required password
6. Retype required password
7. Ok

File protection:
1. Pointer required file wants to protect
2. Tools menu
3. Option
4. Security tab “L.C”
5. Password to open “type required password”
6. Retype password
7. Ok

Macro:
“Save set of command / actions” Sheet to sheet move
1. Pointer required 1st sheet

2. Tools menu

3. Macro
4. Record new macro
5. Type required macro and key
6. Ok
7. Move required 2nd sheet
8. Stop macro “L.C”

Macro security level:
1. High level
2. Medium level
3. Low level

Change macro security level:
1. Pointer required book wants to change macro security level
2. Tools menu
3. Macro
4. Macro security “L.C”
5. Select required security level
6. Ok / save / close / open required book

Auto filter:

To filter any record with the help of criteria from drop down box.

1. Select required data base
2. L.C on data menu in menu bar
3. L.C on filter
4. L.C on auto filter
5. Select required criteria from drop down box

Advance filtration:
To check record from data base without formula.
1. L.C on data menu in menu bar
2. L.C on filter
3. L.C on advance filter
4. Select data range
5. Select criteria range
6. Select copy to another location cells
7. L.C on ok

Chart:

Graphical representation of rows and columns
1. L.C on insert menu
2. L.C on chart
3. Select chart design
4. Select data range and also select alignment of chart as row wise and column wise
5. L.C on next6. Apply chart formatting
7. L.C on next
8. Select chart as object or as new sheet
9. L.C on finish

Microsoft Word

Defination:

An advance typing tool.

Example:

Newspaper, letter etc
File extension .doc



How to open Ms Word?
Method 1:

L.C on start menu
L.C on all programs
L.C on microsoft office
L.C on misrosoft word

Method 2:

L.C on start menu
L.C on run
Type "winword"
Press enter key from the keyboard or
L.C on ok button

Method 3:

Press "windows + R keys from the keyboard
Type "winword"
Press enter key on keyboard or
L.C on ok

Interface Of The Ms Word:

Title Bar:
It contains name of the file and have a box name control box(minimize, maximize and close)

Menue Bar:
All functions are properly arranged in menue bar.

Standard Tool Bar:
It contains those functions which are commonly used.

Formating Tool Bar:
In this bar all functions which are related to the formating of text are arrnaged.

Rulars:

Scale of word file
Vertical Rular
Horizontal Rular

Scroll Bar:

To move up and down or left and right in file.
Vertical Scroll Bar
Horizontal Scroll Bar

Working Area:
Where we type our required data.

Status Bar:
This bar contains the status of file (No. of pages, No. of lines, etc)

File Menue:
This menue holds functions which are related with file structure.

New:
To open new blank file.

Method 1:
L.C on file menue in menu bar.
L.C on new

Method 2:
L.C on new button on standard tool bar.

Method 3:
Shortcut keys:
Ctrl + N
Alt + F + N

Open:
To open already saved file.

Method 1:
L.C on file menu in menu bar.
L.C on open
Select required file
L.C on open button.

Method 2:
L.C on open button on standard tool bar.

Method 3:
Shortcut keys:
Ctrl + O
Alt + F + O

Save:
To save the existing file

Method 1:
L.C on file
L.C on save
Define required place where you want to save the file
Give file name
L.C on save or press enter key

Method 2:
L.C on save button in standard tool bar
Define required place
Give file name
L.C on save button or press enter key

Method 3:
Press Ctrl + S keys from the keyboard
Press Alt + F + S

Close:
Close the file of application software

Method 1:
L.C on file menu
L.C on close

Method 2:
Press Ctrl + w

Method 3:
L.C on close button on menu bar

Save as:
To save or make a duplicate file

Method 1:
L.C on file menu
L.C on save as
Repeat saving steps

Shortcut key Alt + F + A

Save as web page:
To make webpage like a web site page
L.C on file menu
L.C on save as web page
Define place where you want to save the file

Web page preview:
To finalizing the file before saving the file as web page
L.C on file menu
L.C on web page preview

Print preview:
To check text before print the file
L.C on file
L.C on print preview

Or

L.C on print preview button on standard tool bar

Print:
To print or making hard copy of the file
L.C on file menu
L.C on print

Or

L.C on print button on standard tool bar

Or

Press Ctrl + P keys

Properties:
File properties
L.C on file menu
L.C on properties

Exit:
To close Microsoft word
L.C on file menu
L.C on exit

Or

Press Alt + F4

Edit Menu:

L.C on edit menu in menu bar
Press Alt + E 


Undo:
To repeat last action but only once a time
L.C on edit menu
L.C on undo

Or

L.C on undo button on standard tool bar
Press Ctrl + Z keys

Redo:

To remove undo action
L.C on edit menu
L.C on redo

Or

L.C on redo button on standard toolbar

Or

Press Ctrl + Y keys

Cut:
To remove text link from a place of page
Select required text
L.C on edit menu
L.C on cut

Or

L.C on cut button in standard toolbar

Or

Press Ctrl + X

Copy:
To make duplicate image of text
Select required text
L.C on edit menu
L.C on copy

Or

Press copy button from standard tool bar

Or

Press Ctrl + C

Paste:
To paste the image of copied text on required place
Pointer required place
L.C on edit menu
L.C on paste

Or

L.C on paste button on standard tool bar

Or

Press Ctrl + V



Select All:

To select all text on file
L.C on edit menu
L.C on select all

Or

Press Ctrl + A

Find:
To find any text or word from file
L.C on edit menu
L.C on find

Define required word L.C on find button

Or

Press Ctrl + F

Replace:
To change text after finding
L.C on edit menu
L.C on replace
First find required text
Then type changing word and replaces it

Or

Press Ctrl + H
Repeat last text replacing steps

Goto:
To reach on required target
(Pages, lines etc)
L.C on edit menu
L.C on goto
Define required target

Or

Press Ctrl + G

View Menu

Task Pane:
A box or pane having deferent task or functions
L.C on view menu
L.C on task pane
Shortcut key Ctrl + F1

Tool bar:
A strip having buttons of different functions
L.C on view menu
L.C on tool bar
L.C on required tool bar

Or

R.C on menu bar
L.C on required toolbar name

Ruler:
Scale of the page
L.C on view menu
L.C on ruler
When ruler option is checked rulers are visible
When we uncheck the ruler option then ruler is invisible

Header & Footer:
to apply heading and foot words
L.C on view menu
L.C on header & footer
Define required header n footer

Full Screen:
To view the working area on screen without toolbar ect.
L.C on view menu
L.C on full screen


Zoom:
To view with the help of %
L.C on view menu
L.C on zoom

Or

Select required zoom from the standard toolbar

Thumbnail:
Small view of work area or pages
L.C on view menu
L.C on thumbnail

Document Map:
Main point of document or file when user L.C on these point word show automatically required text.
L.C on view menu
L.C on document map

Normal view:
For simple typing
L.C on view menu
L.C on normal view

Web layout view:

For making web page

L.C on view menu
L.C on web page view

Print layout view:

For printing required documents

L.C on view menu
L.C on print layout

Reading layout view:

For reading the documents like a book

L.C on view menu
L.C on reading layout view

Outline view:
L.C on view menu
L.C on out line view
Define required paragraph layout leve

Insert menu:

To insert or add something in file or document

L.C on insert on menu bar

Or

Press Alt + I

Break:

To cut link of a page or column

L.C on insert menu
L.C on break

Page Break:

To move mouse cursor to new page in the document

L.C on insert
L.C on break
Select page break and apply it
Shortcut key Ctrl + Enter

Column Break:

To move to new column

L.C on insert menu
L.C on break
And apply it
Shortcut key Ctrl + Shift + Enter

Page Numbering:

To insert page numbring

L.C on insert menu
L.C on page number
Define required alignment
Apply it

Date and Time:

To insert add current date and time in document

L.C on insert menu
L.C on date and time
Define required layout
Apply it

Shortcut key Alt + Shift + D --------------Current Date

Shortcut key Alt + Shift + T -------------- Current Time

Symbles:

Specific pictures or logos

L.C on insert
L.C on symbols
Select required symbols
Insert it

Comment:

To define meaning of the word

Select required word
L.C on insert
L.C on comment
Type required comment

Clipart:

Built in pictures of ms offince

L.C on insert
L.C on picture
L.C on clip art
Select required picture
Copy required picture
Paste it to required place

From File:

To insert or add picture which is downloaded or captured by user.

L.C on insert
L.C on picture
L.C on From File
Define required picture place
Insert it

Auto Shapes:

Different built in shapes

L.C on insert
L.C on pictures
L.C on Auto shape
Select required file from auto shap toolbar

Word Art:

Text with 3d effect

L.C on insert
L.C on picture
L.C on word art
Select required format
Apply it

Text Box:

A box in which user can edit text

L.C on insert
L.C on textbox
Draw box on required place

Hyperlink:

To make linking of file

Select required file
L.C on insert menu
L.C on hyperlink
Defined required file
Apply it

OR

Select required text
Press Ctrl + K
Repeat steps of hyperlink

To Run Hyperlink:
Press Ctrl key but don’t leave it
Then L.C on required link

Note: when user apply hyperlink text color changed in blue

Format Menu:

L.C on format menu

All functions are properly arranged in this menu for the formatting of text

Common Functions:

Bold:

To increase the width of text mean text become fat

Select required text

Press Ctrl + B from the keyboard

Italic:

To change the angle of the text

Select required text
L.C on italic button

OR

Select required text
Press Ctrl + I keys

Under line:

To include a line on the bottom of the text

Select required text
Press Ctrl + U

Text alignment:

Starting the text on required right align

Right align

Left align

Center align

Justify

Right align:

To start or type the text from right side of the word page

L.C on right align button on formatting toolbar
Press Ctrl + R keys

Left align:

To start typing from left side of the page. By default left align is selected when we start ms word

L.C on left align button from formatting bar

Press Ctrl + L keys

Center:

To start typing the text from the center of the page

L.C on center button on formatting tool bar
Press Ctrl + E

Justify:

To make paragraph having both sides (left and right) equally

Select required text
L.C on justify button on the formatting toolbar

OR

Select required text
Press Ctrl + J

Font:

To change the formatting of required text

L.C on format menu in menu bar
L.C on font

OR

Press Ctrl + D

Font Functions:

To change or apply deferent fonts/writing style to required text

Select required text
L.C on formatting menu
L.C on font
L.C on required font
Apply it

To change or apply different fonts style
Select required text
L.C on format menu in menu bar
L.C on font
Select required font size with L.C
Apply it

To change the size of text grids wise
Select required text
L.C on format menu in menu bar
L.C on font
Select required font size
Apply it

Max font size with grid is 72

Min font size with grid is 8

To apply font size with the help of points

Select required text
L.C on font size box
Define required size
Press Enter key

OR

To increase the text size

Select required size

Press Ctrl + ] keys

Max font size with point is 1638

Min font size with point is 1

To decrease the font size

Select required text
Press Ctrl + [

To apply color on text
Select required text
L.C on format menu
L.C on font
Select required color
Apply it

OR

Select required text

Select required color from the font color in formatting toolbar

To apply under line style and color

Select required color
L.C on format menu
L.C on font
Select required underline style
Select required color of under line color
Apply it

To apply effects on text (printing effect)
Select required text
L.C on format menu
L.C on required effect
Apply it

Note:

When we select any font, font style or effect it will appear in preview box

A² -----------------> super script ------------ Ctrl + Shift + =

A₂ -----------------> Ctrl + =

Character spacing:

To insert space between characters

Select required text
L.C on format menu
L.C on font
L.C on character spacing
Define required spacing
Apply it

Animated text effect:

To apply animated effects on text

Select required text
L.C on format menu
L.C on font
L.C on required effect
Apply it

Note:

These effects are not printing

Paragraph:

To apply formatting on a paragraph

Select required paragraph
L.C on format menu
L.C on paragraph
Apply required formatting

Line spacing:

To include space b/w lines

Select required paragraph
L.C on format menu
L.C on paragraph
Define required line space
Shortcut keys of line spacing

Ctrl + 1 --------------------------------- normal
Ctrl + 5 --------------------------------- medium

Ctrl + 2 --------------------------------- high

Bullets and Numbering:

To insert different bullets like dots or numbering the text

L.C on format

L.C on Bullets and Numbering

L.C on required bullets or number style

Apply it

To apply page border:

L.C on format

L.C on border and shading

L.C on page border

Select required border

To apply border n text:

Select required text

L.C on border and shading

Select required border

Apply it

To apply different columns

L.C on format

L.C on column

Define required column

Note:

If we want to make columns of a paragraph

Then we do the up steps

Otherwise we select apply to this point forward

Drop Cap:

To make first word larger but like a drop word

L.C on format

L.C on drop down

Background:

To give colours to page

L.C on format menu

L.C on background

Apply required colour

Themes:

To make designs which are built in

L.C on format menu

L.C on themes

Select required themes

Change case:

To change case of required text

Select required text

L.C on format menu

L.C on change case

Select required case

Apply it

Press Shift + F3 keys

Inset menu:

To insert or add something in file or documents

L.C on insert

Break:

To cut link of a page or column

Table Menu:

To take combination of rows and columns

L.C on table menu on menu bar

OR

Press Alt + A keys

Rows and columns make cells

Rows depend on x-axis

Columns depend on Y-axis

How to insert a table

L.C on table menu

L.C on insert

L.C on table

Define required rows and columns

To insert a single row

L.C on table menu

L.C on insert

L.C on required row alignment

To insert single columns

L.C on table menu

L.C on insert

L.C on required columns alignment

To insert a single cell

L.C on table menu

L.C on insert

L.C on cell

To delete a single row

Select required row

L.C on table menu

L.C on set

L.C on row

To delete single column

Select required column

L.C on table menu

L.C on set

L.C on column

To delete a single cell

Select required cell

Select on table menu

L.C on delete

L.C on cell

Merge Cell:

To make two or more than two cell into a single cell

Select required cell

L.C on table

L.C on merge cell

Split cell:

To break cell into different cells

Select required cell

L.C on table menu

L.C on split cell

Define required rows and columns

Split table:

To break required table

L.C on required table

L.C on tool menu

L.C on spilt menu

Convert table to text

L.C on required table

L.C on table menu

L.C on convert

L.C on table to text

To convert text to table:

Select required table

L.C on table

L.C on convert

L.C on text to table

Tool Menu:

Spelling and Grammar:

Red line:

This line indicate that word is not present in the directory

Green line:

This line indicate Grammatical error

Language:

To read or change text in different language

Translate:

To check meaning

Hyphenation:

To check the pronunciation

How to protect file:

To protect file

L.C on tool menu

L.C on option

L.C on section

L.C on security

Type password in text box

L.C on ok

Retype password

L.C on ok

Save file

Close it

Mail Merge:

To make a database file in which we save our data and use it for printing

L.C on tool menu

L.C on letter and

L.C on mail merge

Steps:

Step 1:

Choose mail merge format (L.C on next)

Step 2:select required document where user want to work (L.C on next)

Step 3:

Select type a new list (L.C on create)

To create a database file or mail merge file

L.C on create

L.C on customize

Select required filed or add required field delete waste fields

Add required data in fields

L.C on ok

Step 4:

L.C on next

Step 5:

L.C on next

Step 6:

L.C on next

Close mail merge task pane

Make your required letter format

Insert field filom mail merge tool bar

L.C on insert merge field on mail merge tool bar caption No. 6

Select required field

L.C on

Microsoft Word Test 1

Microsoft Word Quiz 2

Foundation

COMPUTER

It is a device to help us to solve data and saving of time.

OR

Computers receive data from user in form of input process it and display result in the form of output.

OR

Calculation of mathematical program under the electronic radiation

HARDWARE:

The physical part of the computer which are touchable, see-able and workable.

TYPES OF HARDWARE:

1)      Input devices

2)      Output devices

3)      Storage devices

With the help of input devices we give instruction to computer.

With the help of output devices we get solution or data from computer.

In storage devices we store or save our record or data.

BASIC PART OF COMPUTER

KEYBOARD:

Keyboard like a typewriter.

PARTS:

1)      Alpha numeric keypad

2)      Numeric keypad

3)      Arrows keys

4)      Function keys.

MOUSE:

Mouse is a device which helps to open files and perform other operations.

PARTS:

Left click -----------------> operational button

Right click ----------------> Properties button

Scroll ball:

It helps to move one place to another.

NOTE:

Computer understand binary language (0,1)

SYSTEM UNIT:

A unit or box having all hardware (internal and external) for operating the computer.

IMPORTANT PART OF SYSTEM UNIT:

1)      Motherboard

2)      CPU

3)      Hard disk

4)      Ram (Random Access Memory)

5)      Rom (Read Only Memory)

6)      CD ROM

7)      Floppy Drive

8)      Sound card

9)      VGA card

10)   Modem

11)   Power supply

12)   Cables

CPU:

It known as CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT it controls all the traffic of computer functions.

It works like brain of human being.

MONITOR:

It is like a TV. In this device user view result which is given by computer.

USER: The person who uses the computer is called user.

SOFTWARE

Program running in the computer and used to solve the problem it can seeable workable but not touchable.

OR

Set of instructions

TYPES OF SOFTWARE

System software

Application software

SYSTEM SOFTWARE:

Program which are used to operate computer

APPLICATION SOFTWARE:

Program which are used to solve problems of user

OPERATING SYSTEM:

The proper way of communication between user and computer it is also known as system software.

TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM:

Single user

Multi user

EXAMPLE:

SINGLE USER:

Dos (Disk Operating System)

MULTI USER:

Windows

Graphical interface

MODELS OR VERSIONS OF WINDOWS:

Windows 3.0

Windows 5.0

Windows 5.11

Windows 95

Windows 97

Windows 98

Windows 2000

Windows NT

Windows XP

Windows me

Windows LINDOW

Windows vista

Windows 7

WINDOWS

An operating system like a plate form to run all application software’s.

DESKTOP:

First screen of windows

PART OF DESKTOP:

Task bar

Wallpaper\background

TASK BAR:

Bars consist on different tasks.

PART OF TASKBAR:

Start menu

Task pane

System tray

START MENU:

This menu holds all programs of the computer.

TASK PANE:

When user opens any file or folder the name of file or folder automatically come in the task pane.

SYSTEM TRAY:

Tray having icons of system related items.

WALLPAPER \ BACKGROUND: Picture of desktop

How to change the background or wallpaper of desktop?

1)      R.C on desktop empty space

2)      L.C on properties

3)      L.C on desktop

4)      Choose required wallpaper or background

5)      Apply it.

METHOD OF LOGIN:

1)      Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete keys from keyboard.

2)      Type user name or login #

3)      Type your password.

4)      L.C on ok or press enter key on keyboard.

SACREEN SAVER:

Like a movie show, this is used to make system speed accurate and also minimum usage of electricity when user is not working on computer.

1)      R.C on empty space

2)      L.C on properties

3)      L.C on screen saver

4)      Select required screen saver and also time

5)      Apply it

FILE:

Area where user describes their problems and gets solution

FOLDER:

Area where user store their records like file or folder

FOLDER

Basic container is known as folder.

How to make a folder?

1)      R.C on empty space of the desktop

2)      L.C on new

3)      L.C on folder

HOW TO OPEN THE FOLDER?

Double L.C on the folder

OR

1)      R.C on folder

2)      L.C on open

EXPLORE: To move or check files or folder on existing a place

1)      R.C on folder

2)      L.C on explore

NOTE:

Explore basically consists on folders and drives structures.

COPY PASTE:

To make duplicate of a file or folder to another place

Select required file or folder

1)      R.C on folder

2)      L.C on copy

OR

Press ctrl + c keys on the keyboard.

Move to other place where you want to paste the copied file.

1)      R.C on the empty space

2)      L.C on paste

OR

Press ctrl + v on the key board

CUT PASTE:

To move required file or folder from one place to another

Select required file or folder

1)      R.C on file or folder

2)      L.C on cut

OR

Shortcut keys (press ctrl + x key on the keyboard)

Move to required place where you want to paste the file or folder

1)      R.C on empty space

2)      L.C on paste

OR

Ctrl + v

DRAG AND DROP:

To pick something and place to another drive or folder

1)      Press L.C on required file or folder

2)      Drag it to required place

3)      Leave the L.C

DELETE:

To erase\remove something likes file or folder.

TYPES OF DELETE:

Permanent

Temporary

PERMANENT DELETE:

To remove or erase file or folder from hard disk

Select required file or folder

Press shift + delete keys on keyboard

TEMPORARY DELETE: To erase file or folder from hard disk which are recoverable

1)      Select file or folder

2)      R.C on required file or folder

3)      L.C on delete

OR

Press delete key on keyboard

CHANGE THE NAME OF FOLDER OR FILE:

1.       Select required file or folder

2.       R.C on select folder

3.       L.C on rename

4.       Give required name

5.       Press enter key on keyboard

6.       Short key f2

TO CHANGE THE ICON OF THE FOLDER:

1.       R.C on required folder

2.       L.C on properties

3.       L.C on customize

4.       L.C on change icon button

5.       Select required icon

6.       Apply it

TO APPLY PICTURE ON FOLDER:

1.       Select required folder

2.       R.C on select folder

3.       L.C on properties

4.       L.C on customize

5.       L.C on change picture

6.       Apply it

NOTE:

Picture is visible in thumbnail view in the folder. Picture is not visible on desktop folder icon.

TO MAKE THE SHORTCUT ANY FILE OR FOLDER:

1.       R.C on empty space

2.       L.C on shortcut

3.       Select required file or folder

4.       L.C on next

5.       L.C on finish

TO HIDE ANY FILE OR FOLDER:

1.       R.C on required file or folder

2.       L.C on properties

3.       L.C on hidden check box

4.       L.C on apply

5.       L.C on ok

TO UNHIDE REQUIRED FILE OR FOLDER:

1.       Open any folder

2.       L.C on tools menu in menu bar

3.       L.C on folder option

4.       L.C on view

5.       L.C on show hidden files or folder

FOLDER INNER VIEW:

1.       Title bar

2.       Menu bar

3.       Standard button tools bar

4.       Address bar

5.       Working area

SHORTCUT KEY:

Minimize ===> Alt + spacebar + n

Maximize ===> Alt + spacebar + x

Close =======> Alt + F4

SELECTION

SELECT ALL:

To select all things

Press ctrl + a keys on the keyboard

OR

1.       L.C on empty space but don’t leave the L.C

2.       Drag to required things

SPECIFIC SELECTION:

1.       Press ctrl key from the keyboard, Don’t leave the ctrl key

2.       L.C on required files or folder

CONTINUOUS SELECTION:

1.       Press shift key from the keyboard

2.       Press arrow key from the keyboard

TASKBAR PROPERTIES:

Group or ungroup same task or same files folder buttons in task pane.

TO GROUP

1.       R.C on taskbar

2.       L.C on properties

3.       L.C on group similar items

NOTES: When L.C is press on group option a check sign is visible.

TO UNGROUP:

Repeat all same step of grouping but now check sign hide.

AUTO HIDE:

1.       To hide the taskbar

2.       R.C on taskbar

3.       L.C on properties

4.       L.C on auto hide

5.       Apply it

6.       The taskbar will hide

7.       When took cursor to taskbar it will visible.

TO REMOVE ALL RECENT DOCUMENT LIST

1.       R.C on taskbar

2.       L.C on properties

3.       L.C on start menu

4.       L.C on customize

5.       L.C on advance

6.       L.C on clear

TO ADD ANY FILE OR FOLDER IN PROGRAMS LIST:

1.       R.C on taskbar

2.       L.C on properties

3.       L.C on start menu

4.       L.C on classic start menu

5.       L.C on customize

6.       L.C on add

7.       Define required file or folder

NOTEPAD:

Notepad is a default type writer of window.HOW TO OPEN NOTEPAD:

1.       L.C on start menu button

2.       L.C on all programs

3.       L.C on accessories

4.       L.C on notepad

TO SWITCH BETWEEN DIFFERENT FILES OR FOLDER WITHOUT MOUSE

Press Alt key but don’t leave alt key

Press tab key to move

To hide all files or folder in taskbar

Press window +  D key from the keyboard

HOW TO INCREASE THE SIZE OF TASKBAR OR TO MOVE TASKBAR:

1.       R.C on taskbar

2.       L.C on lock taskbar, if taskbar is locked it will be unlocked

3.       Place mouse pointer on the edge of the taskbar and drag the task bar.

NOTE: Size of the taskbar can be increase on hall of the desktop.

TO VIEW TWO OR MORE THEN TEO FILES OR FOLDER ON DESKTOP AT A TIME:

1.       Open required files or folder

2.       R.C on taskbar option(vertically or horizontally)

TO VIEW FILES OR FOLDER IN THEIR ORIGINAL SIZE:

1.       R.C on taskbar

2.       L.C on cascade window

FILE EXTENTION:

Identification of file of application software and system software

Software file extension.

Paint =========> .bmp

Notepad ======> .txt

Image ========> .jpg

Word ========> .doc

Excel ========> .xls

PowerPoint ===> .ppt

Access =======> .mdb

Internet ======> .htm